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January 27, 2009

Federal Headlines


Obama to Meet GOP Lawmakers on Economic Plan

 

President Obama will meet with House and Senate Republicans on their turf on January 27, hearing their recommendations on what should be in a final economic recovery package. Obama has scheduled separate meetings on Capitol Hill with the House and Senate GOP caucuses hoping to garner support for legislation that has drawn criticism from Republican lawmakers for containing too much spending and not enough tax cuts.

 

If House and Senate Republicans come forward with tax cuts that would improve the existing plan, the White House is willing to consider them, according to White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs on January 26. However, he maintained that the $825 billion House package containing $275 billion in tax cuts is a "pretty good balance" of tax and spending provisions.

 

The House Ways and Means Committee approved the tax title to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Bill of 2009 (HR 598) on January 22 (TAXDAY, 2009/01/23, C.1). Gibbs noted that the House measure already includes several tax cuts supported by GOP lawmakers, such as the five-year carryback of net operating losses. Some House Republicans are pressing for a 5-percent income tax rate cut for taxpayers in the 10-percent and 15-percent tax bracket. They argue that lower tax rates would bolster the economy and reach more taxpayers than the $145.3 billion Making Work Pay tax credit of $500 to individuals and $1,000 to couples.

COBRA Tax Credit Heading

 

The White House released further details about the Obama economic plan in a report released on January 24. The report includes a new tax credit proposal to help newly unemployed workers keep their health insurance through COBRA and a new Medicaid option for low-income individuals who lack access to the stopgap insurance. Combined, the proposals could help to provide coverage for almost 8.5 million people, according to the White House report, entitled "Recovery Plan Metrics Report."

 

The Obama plan also contains several measures that are in the Ways and Means package. They include a new $2,500 partially refundable higher education tax credit and a $1,000 "Making Work Pay" tax credit. The White House said the Making Work Pay tax cut would benefit 95 percent of workers and their families. Under the proposed higher education tax credit, nearly 20 percent of high school seniors who are not eligible under current law would qualify for at least a portion of the tax cut. Obama also proposes to expand the child tax credit. According to the White House report, the plan would provide a new tax cut to more than 6 million children and increase the existing credit for more than 10 million children.

 

By Paula Cruickshank, CCH News Staff

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, HR 1

White House Release: Recovery Plan Metrics Report

Code Finding List for HR 598, American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009, as of January 25, 2009

 

Grassley Seeks Expansion of Wind, Education Tax Credits

 

Senate Finance Committee ranking member Charles E. Grassley, R-Iowa, has filed amendments to the economic stimulus legislation set for committee consideration on January 27 that would either extend or make permanent the wind energy tax credit and ease access to loans for higher education. He said his clean energy proposals would maintain the option for producers to take either the production tax credit (PTC) or investment tax credit (ITC) for 2009 and 2010.

 

Grassley is also proposing a new 10-year carryback of the credit, either the PTC or ITC, depending on a wind energy company's election. The House bill has a provision to elect the PTC or the ITC in 2009 and 2010, but only allows a one-year carryback. Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus, D-Mont. included in his Mark the same election and a five-year carryback of either the PTC or the ITC.

 

In addition, Grassley filed three tuition-assistance amendments. One proposal would giveCode Sec. 529 participants the opportunity to change investments up to four times a year. The proposed amendment builds on a December 2008 decision by the Treasury Department to allow Code Sec. 529 account holders to change investment options twice a year (Notice 2009-1; TAXDAY, 2008/12/24, I.2). The second education amendment prevents states receiving Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP) funds from increasing tuition at publicly funded universities during the period of time that the enhanced federal funding is in effect. A third Grassley amendment would increase the level of the proposed American Opportunity Tax Credit from $2,500 to $3,250 for single filers with incomes between $50,000 and $80,000 annually

 

By Jeff Carlson, CCH News Staff

SFC Release: Grassley Works to Bolster Wind Energy Production and Create Jobs in Wind Energy Sector

SFC Release: Grassley Works to Increase Access to College and Jobs

 

Senate Confirms Geithner as Treasury Secretary

 

Timothy F. Geithner won confirmation in the Senate late on January 26 to serve as Secretary of the Treasury despite revelations about previous tax return errors involving self-employment taxes. Geithner had earlier told the Senate Finance Committee that his "[mistakes] were careless, avoidable, but completely unintentional" (TAXDAY, 2009/01/23, C.2). The Senate voted 60 to 34 to confirm the former Federal Reserve official. Geithner was sworn in immediately after the vote.

High Expectations

 

Geithner's supporters expect him to playing a leading role in the economic recovery. "These are extraordinary times that require extraordinary action," President Obama said. Geithner will help Obama implement the pending $825 billion economic stimulus package along with overseeing disbursement of the remaining $350 billion in bailout funds authorized by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343).

 

"His portfolio, knowledge and skills make him uniquely qualified to serve and is sorely needed by the nation as we face the current economic crisis," Sen. Orrin G. Hatch, R-Utah, said before the confirmation vote. "He is intimately familiar with all arms of U.S. economic policymaking."

Opposition Lingers

 

Geithner was able to overcome opposition from some powerful lawmakers, including Sen. Mike Enzi, R-Wyo., who, on January 22, echoed the thoughts of many taxpayers. "How do I explain to my constituents that I voted to confirm someone who will make them pay taxes, but sometimes does not pay his own taxes?"

Swearing In

 

Geithner was sworn in as Treasury Secretary shortly after the Senate vote. President Obama and members of his economic team were in attendance at the swearing in ceremony at the Treasury Department. Obama made brief remarks, noting work must start immediately to repair the economy. Geitner said, "Treasury's tradition is to defend the integrity of policy, to respect the constraints imposed by limited resources, and to limit government intervention to where it is essential to protect our financial system and improve the lives of the American people."

 

By Paula Cruickshank and George L. Yaksick, Jr., CCH News Staff


Individual Was Not Away From Home; Deductions Not Allowed for Expenses Incurred During Short-Time Jobs (Wilbert, CA-7)

 

An airline mechanic was not entitled to deductions for vehicle, meal and lodging expenses because he was not "away from home" when the expenses were incurred. Although his positions in three other cities lasted for very short periods of time, each of those stays was indefinite in nature; thus, the taxpayer did not have a business reason to be living in two places. The taxpayer was expected to locate his home for tax purposes at his major post of duty so as to minimize the amount of business travel away from home. His decision to do otherwise was not motivated by business necessity.

 

Affirming the Tax Court, 93 TCM 1363, Dec. 56,969(M), TC Memo. 2007-152.

D.A. Wilbert, CA-7, 2009-1 USTC ¶50,171

Other References:

 

Code Sec. 162

 

CCH Reference - 2009FED ¶8570.1248

 

Tax Research Consultant

 

CCH Reference - TRC BUSEXP: 24,050


State Headlines


Alabama --Corporate Income Tax: U.S. Supreme Court Asked to Hear Addback Challenge

 

In a case engendering widespread interest, a taxpayer has asked the U.S. Supreme Court to consider its challenge to an Alabama statute requiring that certain royalty payments to related parties be added back to income subject to the state's corporate income tax. At present, approximately 20 states have some version of an addback statute, all of which could be put at risk if the high court decides to accept the taxpayer's request.

 

Background: In 2001, Alabama enacted its addback statute, which requires a corporation to add back to its taxable income otherwise deductible intangible expenses paid to related members of its corporate group. The statute includes exceptions to this addback requirement, including an exception when the corresponding income is subject to a tax based on net income in Alabama or any other state.

 

The taxpayer, a clothing manufacturer with operations in Alabama, did not add back to its 2001 Alabama income royalties paid to related companies for the use of their trademarks. The related companies are Delaware corporations that do not file Alabama income tax returns. Delaware does not tax royalty payments. The Alabama Department of Revenue issued an additional assessment based on its determination that the taxpayer was required to add back a portion of the deductions taken for the royalty payments.

 

The taxpayer challenged the addback statute in state court on state statutory and federal constitutional grounds. The challenge was successful at the trial court level on the statutory grounds. However, the Court of Civil Appeals reversed. In addressing the constitutional challenges, the appellate court held that the addback statute does not discriminate against interstate commerce because the subject-to-tax exception does not benefit in-state corporations to the detriment of out-of-state corporations. Also, the court held the taxpayer had not demonstrated that the addback statute resulted in taxation of income that is not fairly attributable to Alabama. (TAXDAY, 2008/02/13, S.2) The Alabama Supreme Court affirmed, adopting the appellate court's opinion as its own. (TAXDAY, 2008/09/23, S.1)

 

Questions presented: The taxpayer has asked the U.S. Supreme Court to consider two questions: (1) whether Alabama's addback statute discriminates against interstate commerce in violation of the Commerce Clause by denying a deduction for ordinary business expenses because they are paid to corporations located outside Alabama in a state that has chosen not to tax those payments, and (2) whether the statute violates the federal Due Process and Commerce Clauses by denying a deduction for ordinary business expenses paid to corporations located outside Alabama based on the tax policy of the state in which those corporations are located.

 

Subscribers to CCH Tax Research NetWork can view the petition.

 

VFJ Ventures, Inc. v. Surtees, U.S. Supreme Court, Dkt. 08-916, petition for certiorari filed January 21, 2009

 


Arkansas --Sales and Use Tax: Bill to Restore Origin Sourcing Introduced

 

A bill has been introduced in the Arkansas Legislature that would replace destination-based sourcing with origin-based sourcing for Arkansas sales and use tax purposes. Under the proposed legislation, a retail sale would be sourced to the seller's business location, beginning July 1, 2009.

 

If a purchaser picks up the good in Arkansas in his or her own conveyance, sales tax must be collected. If property is sold by a seller in Arkansas and the seller is required under the terms of the sales contract to deliver the property by common carrier, U.S. Postal Service, or in the seller's own conveyance to a point outside the state for consumption and use, the transaction would not be subject to sales or use tax and may be deducted. If a taxable service is performed in Arkansas, sales or use tax must be collected based on the location where the service is performed.

 
Florist Sales

 

Under the proposed bill, Arkansas sales tax liability would be imposed on all florists who transmit an order by telegraph, telephone, Internet, or other means of communication for flowers, floral arrangements, potted plants, or other article common to the florist business for delivery to any other place within or outside Arkansas. This tax on the florist transmitting the order would be the only tax collected on that order regardless of whether the order originated within or outside the state.

 
Reason for Proposed Change; Federal Streamlined Sales Tax Law

 

The bill language notes that the state's change from origin sourcing to destination sourcing on January 1, 2008, has imposed a burden on Arkansas retailers because there is currently no federal law requiring non-nexus sellers to collect Arkansas sales and use tax.

 

Under the legislation, numerous destination-based sourcing provisions currently in effect would be eliminated on July 1, 2009, but would be automatically reinstated if a federal law is enacted that requires out-of-state businesses with no physical presence in Arkansas to collect Arkansas sales and use tax. The reinstatement of destination sourcing in Arkansas would become effective on the first day of the first calendar quarter following the effective date of such federal legislation. Until such federal legislation is enacted, Arkansas sellers would be allowed to use origin sourcing.

 
Effect on Arkansas' SST Membership Status

 

[CCH Note: Arkansas is currently a full member state on the Streamlined Sales Tax (SST) Governing Board. Under the SST Agreement, full member states must use destination sourcing. Thus, Arkansas may lose its full member status if the bill to restore origin sourcing becomes law. States with origin sourcing may still qualify for associate member status if certain conditions are met.]

 

Subscribers to CCH Tax Research NetWork can view the bill as introduced.

 

H.B. 1179, as introduced in Arkansas House of Representatives on January 23, 2009

 


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